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''Normen Europäischer Modellbahnen'' (German), ''Normas Europeas de Modelismo'' (Spanish) or ''Normes Européennes de Modélisme'' (French) (NEM) are standards for model railroads issued by the MOROP. The German translating to ''European Standards for Model Railways''). The phrase Normal European Modelling Standards or simply ''NEM Standards'' is used among European rail modellers in the UK. The NEM standards are defined and maintained by the Technical Commission of the MOROP in collaboration with model railroad manufacturers. The NEM standards define the model railroad scales and guide in creating compatible products and assist modellers in constructing model railroad layouts that operate reliably. The standards cover areas like suggested grades, turnout radii, wheel profiles, coupling designs and Digital Command Control (DCC) and are mostly scale specific. A fundamental principle in NEM standards are compromises in the exact scale reduction ratio in order to favor operational reliability of model railroad systems. An example for this are wheel flanges which tend to be proportionally wider in smaller scales to ensure a reliable operation. The NEM standards cover areas similar to the standards and recommended practices defined by the National Model Railroad Association (NMRA) in the United States, but the two standards are not universally interchangeable. In recent years, MOROP and NMRA have been working more closely together to establish common standards for developments such as DCC. European model railroad manufacturers generally follow the NEM standards, while North American manufacturers generally follow NMRA standards. ==See also== * List of rail transport modelling scale standards * Rail transport modelling scales 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Normen Europäischer Modellbahnen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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